FAST FACTS: Exercise

Exercise is any activity that requires physical effort (for example, walking, yoga, Tai Chi). Regular exercise can help improve health, fitness, and physical function as well as decrease chronic pain. A healthcare professional should be consulted prior to the start of any type of regular exercise program for individuals living with chronic pain.

How Does It Work?

• Exercise improves strength, flexibility, endurance, and overall physical function. These improvements allow individuals to perform daily activities with less effort
• Exercise can reduce pain nerve signals and may also block or reduce the feeling of pain. 
• Exercise can reduce the release of chemicals in the body that cause inflammation. It can also increase chemicals that stop inflammation.  
• Exercise can reduce stress, depression, and anxiety

Different Types of Exercise

• Aerobic Exercise - moderate intensity physical activity that raises the heart rate and breathing rate. It will help your family member be more active for a longer amount of time and may lessen pain.
  • Examples: Walking, cycling, running, swimming, hiking, and gardening 
• Strengthening - exercises that build muscle strength and endurance and reduce pain. This type of exercise will also improve your family member’s ability to perform tasks and participate in activities.  
  • Examples: Pilates, resistance training 
• Stretching - exercises that help with mobility, movement, and pain.
  • Examples: Yoga

How To Help Your Family Member

• Talk with your family member’s healthcare provider to learn about the types of exercise, their benefits, and determine which type might work for your family member. You may also wish to consult with a trained exercise professional.
• Discuss exercise options with your family member to ensure the chosen activity is one which they are willing to do.
• Assist or encourage your family member to exercise at moderate intensity for the best effects. They should be able to talk while exercising but not sing.

What Else You Should Do

• Write down and share information about your family member's pain with their healthcare provider
• Use a Pain Diary to note important information useful to the healthcare provider
• Encourage your family member to try a non-drug treatment and document the impact on their pain in their Pain Diary

References:

1. Adapted from: Fouladbakhsh, J.M., et al., Nondrug therapies for pain management among rural older adults. Pain Manag Nurs, 2011. 12(2): p. 70-81. 2. The Nursing Home Pain Management Algorithm Clinical Trial, R01 NR009100, 7/1/05 – 4/30/10; Mary Ersek (PI) Used with permission of Mary Ersek and HPNA (2009). 
2. Maiorana, A. J., Williams, A. D., Askew, C. D., Levinger, I., Coombes, J., Vicenzino, B., Davison, K., Smart, N. A., & Selig, S. E. (2018). Exercise Professionals with Advanced Clinical Training Should be Afforded Greater Responsibility in Pre-Participation Exercise Screening: A New Collaborative Model between Exercise Professionals and Physicians. Sports Medicine, 48(6), 1293–1302. https://doi-org.proxy.lib.uiowa.edu/10.1007/s40279-018-0888-2

Revised January 2022